精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)是用(yong)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)的造(zao)型(xing)方(fang)法獲得(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)確(que)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)工藝的總稱。精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)件(jian)是用(yong)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)方(fang)法獲得(de)的金(jin)屬(shu)成型(xing)物(wu)件(jian),統(tong)稱精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)件(jian),即把冶煉好的液態金(jin)屬(shu),用(yong)澆(jiao)注、壓射、吸入或其它澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)法注入預(yu)先準備好的鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)型(xing)中,冷卻后經等,所得(de)到的具有一定(ding)形狀、尺寸(cun)和(he)性能的物(wu)件(jian)。
精密鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)包括:熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、陶瓷型鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、金屬(shu)型鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、壓力鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)、消失(shi)模(mo)鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)。其中較(jiao)為(wei)常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)是熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao),也稱失(shi)蠟(la)鑄(zhu)造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao):選用(yong)適宜的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)材料(liao)制(如石蠟(la))造(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)(zao)熔(rong)(rong)模(mo);在熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)上重復沾耐(nai)火(huo)涂料(liao)與(yu)撒耐(nai)火(huo)砂工序,硬化(hua)型殼及(ji)干燥;再將內(nei)部的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)溶化(hua)掉,獲得(de)型腔(qiang);焙燒型殼以獲得(de)足(zu)夠的(de)(de)(de)強度,及(ji)燒掉殘余的(de)(de)(de)熔(rong)(rong)模(mo)材料(liao);澆(jiao)注所需要的(de)(de)(de)金屬(shu)材料(liao);凝(ning)固冷卻,脫殼后清砂,從而獲得(de)高精度的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)品。根據(ju)產(chan)品需要或進行熱處(chu)理與(yu)冷加(jia)工和表面處(chu)理。